Virtualization, in computing, refers to the act of creating a virtual (rather than actual) version of something, including but not limited to a virtual computer hardware platform, operating system (OS), storage device, or computer network resources. Following are the various levels of virtualization:
Hardware virtualization or platform virtualization refers to the creation of a virtual machine that acts like a real computer with an operating system.
Different types of hardware virtualization include:
Full virtualization - It is almost a complete simulation of the actual hardware to allow software, which typically consists of a guest operating system, to run unmodified.
Partial virtualization - It is some but not all of the target environment is simulated. Some guest programs, therefore, may need modifications to run in this virtual environment.
Paravirtualization - It is a hardware environment is not simulated; however, the guest programs are executed in their own isolated domains, as if they are running on a separate system. Guest programs need to be specifically modified to run in this environment.
Desktop virtualization is the concept of separating the logical desktop from the physical machine.
One form of desktop virtualization, virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI), can be thought of as a more advanced form of hardware virtualization.
Software virtualization allows a single host computer to create and run one or more virtual environments.
Different types of software virtualization include:
Operating system-level virtualization - It is hosting of multiple virtualized environments within a single OS instance.
Application virtualization and workspace virtualization - It is the hosting of individual applications in an environment separated from the underlying OS. Application virtualization is closely associated with the concept of portable applications.
Service virtualization - It is an emulating the behavior of dependent (e.g., third-party, evolving, or not implemented) system components that are needed to exercise an application under test (AUT) for development or testing purposes. Rather than virtualizing entire components, it virtualizes only specific slices of dependent behavior critical to the execution of development and testing tasks.
Memory virtualization decouples volatile random access memory (RAM) resources from individual systems in the data center, and then aggregates those resources into a virtualized memory pool available to any computer in the cluster.
Storage virtualization is the process of completely abstracting logical storage from physical storage.
Different examples of storage virtualization include:
Distributed file system - It is any file system that allows access to files from multiple hosts sharing via a computer network.
Virtual file system - It is an abstraction layer on top of a more concrete file system, allowing client applications to access different types of concrete file systems in a uniform way.
Storage hypervisor - It is the software that manages storage virtualization and combines physical storage resources into one or more flexible pools of logical storage.
Virtual disk drive - It is a computer program that emulates a disk drive such as a hard disk drive or optical disk drive (see comparison of disc image software).
Data virtualization is the presentation of data as an abstract layer, independent of underlying database systems, structures and storage. Database virtualization is a the best example of data virtualization.
Network virtualization is creation of a virtualized network addressing space within or across network subnets.
Virtual private network (VPN), a network protocol that replaces the actual wire or other physical media in a network with an abstract layer, allowing a network to be created over the Internet.
Hardware virtualization or platform virtualization refers to the creation of a virtual machine that acts like a real computer with an operating system.
Different types of hardware virtualization include:
Full virtualization - It is almost a complete simulation of the actual hardware to allow software, which typically consists of a guest operating system, to run unmodified.
Partial virtualization - It is some but not all of the target environment is simulated. Some guest programs, therefore, may need modifications to run in this virtual environment.
Paravirtualization - It is a hardware environment is not simulated; however, the guest programs are executed in their own isolated domains, as if they are running on a separate system. Guest programs need to be specifically modified to run in this environment.
Desktop virtualization is the concept of separating the logical desktop from the physical machine.
One form of desktop virtualization, virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI), can be thought of as a more advanced form of hardware virtualization.
Software virtualization allows a single host computer to create and run one or more virtual environments.
Different types of software virtualization include:
Operating system-level virtualization - It is hosting of multiple virtualized environments within a single OS instance.
Application virtualization and workspace virtualization - It is the hosting of individual applications in an environment separated from the underlying OS. Application virtualization is closely associated with the concept of portable applications.
Service virtualization - It is an emulating the behavior of dependent (e.g., third-party, evolving, or not implemented) system components that are needed to exercise an application under test (AUT) for development or testing purposes. Rather than virtualizing entire components, it virtualizes only specific slices of dependent behavior critical to the execution of development and testing tasks.
Memory virtualization decouples volatile random access memory (RAM) resources from individual systems in the data center, and then aggregates those resources into a virtualized memory pool available to any computer in the cluster.
Storage virtualization is the process of completely abstracting logical storage from physical storage.
Different examples of storage virtualization include:
Distributed file system - It is any file system that allows access to files from multiple hosts sharing via a computer network.
Virtual file system - It is an abstraction layer on top of a more concrete file system, allowing client applications to access different types of concrete file systems in a uniform way.
Storage hypervisor - It is the software that manages storage virtualization and combines physical storage resources into one or more flexible pools of logical storage.
Virtual disk drive - It is a computer program that emulates a disk drive such as a hard disk drive or optical disk drive (see comparison of disc image software).
Data virtualization is the presentation of data as an abstract layer, independent of underlying database systems, structures and storage. Database virtualization is a the best example of data virtualization.
Network virtualization is creation of a virtualized network addressing space within or across network subnets.
Virtual private network (VPN), a network protocol that replaces the actual wire or other physical media in a network with an abstract layer, allowing a network to be created over the Internet.
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