Elite Technority: April 2016

A Web service is a method of communication between two electronic devices over a network.They are the integral part of Mobile development. Web service are of various types SOAP, REST, and XML-RPC. For basics of webservices you can follow my blog Basics of Web Services.

In this post, I will show how to upload files from Android mobile devices to the server network using HttpURLConnection class.

A URLConnection with support for HTTP-specific features.

Obtain a new HttpURLConnection by calling URL.openConnection() and casting the result to HttpURLConnection.
Prepare the request. The primary property of a request is its URI. Request headers may also include metadata such as credentials, preferred content types, and session cookies.
Optionally upload a request body. Instances must be configured with setDoOutput(true) if they include a request body. Transmit data by writing to the stream returned by getOutputStream().
Read the response. Response headers typically include metadata such as the response body's content type and length, modified dates and session cookies. The response body may be read from the stream returned by getInputStream(). If the response has no body, that method returns an empty stream.
Disconnect. Once the response body has been read, the HttpURLConnection should be closed by calling disconnect(). Disconnecting releases the resources held by a connection so they may be closed or reused.

Refer the below link for complete sample code:-

Download Sample Code

Have a look on few code snippets,

//Async_ImageUpload.java

package com.example.harshalbenake.imageupload;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.ProgressDialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.NetworkInfo;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.net.http.AndroidHttpClient;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.FileEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.InputStreamEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * This async task is used to send ImageUpload to server.
 * Created by <b>Harshal Benake</b> on 10/11/15.
 */
public class Async_ImageUpload extends AsyncTask<String, String, String> {
    private MainActivity mActivity;
    ProgressDialog progressDialog = null;
    private ResponseManager mResponseManager;
    private String status;

    public Async_ImageUpload(MainActivity activity) {
        this.mActivity = activity;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPreExecute() {
        super.onPreExecute();
        if (isConnected(mActivity)) {
            progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(mActivity);
            progressDialog.setProgressStyle(android.R.attr.progressBarStyleLarge);
            progressDialog.setMessage("Loading");
            progressDialog.show();
            progressDialog.setCancelable(false);
        } else {
            System.out.println("Internet lost");
            cancel(true);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public String doInBackground(String... params) {
        if (!isCancelled()) {
            try {
                sendPostDataRegistrationWS();
                if (mResponseManager != null && mResponseManager.response != null
                        && !mResponseManager.response.equalsIgnoreCase("")) {
                    if (mResponseManager.status == ResponseManager.SC_OK) {
                        System.out.println("Async_ImageUpload response: " + mResponseManager.response);
                        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(mResponseManager.response);
                        status = jsonObject.optString("status");
                        String message = jsonObject.optString("message");
                        if (status != null && status.equalsIgnoreCase("200")) {

                        }
                        return message;
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(String message) {
        super.onPostExecute(message);
        if (progressDialog != null && progressDialog.isShowing()) {
            progressDialog.dismiss();
        }
        if (message != null && !message.equalsIgnoreCase("")) {
            System.out.println("message: " + message);
        }
    }

    /**
     * This method is use to check the device internet connectivity.
     *
     * @param context
     * @return true :if your device is connected to internet.
     * false :if your device is not connected to internet.
     */
    public static boolean isConnected(Context context) {
        ConnectivityManager manager = (ConnectivityManager)
                context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
        NetworkInfo info = manager.getActiveNetworkInfo();

        if (info == null)
            return false;
        if (info.getState() != NetworkInfo.State.CONNECTED)
            return false;

        return true;
    }


    /**
     * This webservice method is used to send data to server.
     *
     * @return
     */
    public ResponseManager sendPostDataRegistrationWS() {
        ResponseManager responseManager = new ResponseManager();
        responseManager.status = ResponseManager.exception;
        responseManager.response = "Server Error";
        try {
            final String strUrl = mActivity.getResources().getString(R.string.webservice_url);
            String strFilePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "hb" + File.separator + "156" + ".jpg";
            File file = new File(strFilePath);
            HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = null;
            DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = null;
            String lineEnd = "\r\n";
            String twoHyphens = "--";
            String boundary = "*****";
            int maxBufferSize = 1 * 2048 * 2048;
            // open a URL connection to the Servlet
            FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
            URL url = new URL(strUrl);
            // Open a HTTP  connection to  the URL
            httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true); // Allow Inputs
            httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true); // Allow Outputs
            httpURLConnection.setUseCaches(false); // Don't use a Cached Copy
            httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("ENCTYPE", "multipart/form-data");
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data;boundary=" + boundary);
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("UploadedImage", file.getName());
            //  conn.setRequestProperty("Params","Registration");
            dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(httpURLConnection.getOutputStream());

            //first parameter - type
            dataOutputStream.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + lineEnd);
            dataOutputStream.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"parameter\"" + lineEnd + lineEnd
                    + "parameter" + lineEnd);

            //uploaded_file parameter - UploadedImage
            dataOutputStream.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + lineEnd);
            dataOutputStream.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"uploaded_file\";filename=\"" + file.getName() + "\"" + lineEnd);
            dataOutputStream.writeBytes(lineEnd);

            // create a buffer of  maximum size
            int bytesAvailable = fileInputStream.available();
            int bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable, maxBufferSize);
            byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
            // read file and write it into form...
            int bytesRead = fileInputStream.read(buffer, 0, bufferSize);
            while (bytesRead > 0) {
                dataOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, bufferSize);
                bytesAvailable = fileInputStream.available();
                bufferSize = Math.min(bytesAvailable, maxBufferSize);
                bytesRead = fileInputStream.read(buffer, 0, bufferSize);
            }
            // send multipart form data necesssary after file data...
            dataOutputStream.writeBytes(lineEnd);
            dataOutputStream.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + twoHyphens + lineEnd);
            //close the streams //
            fileInputStream.close();
            dataOutputStream.flush();
            dataOutputStream.close();

            // Execute HTTP Post Request
            String strResponse =  httpURLConnection.getResponseMessage();
            System.out.println("response " + ": " + strResponse);
            int statusCode = httpURLConnection.getResponseCode();
            if (statusCode == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                responseManager.status = statusCode;
                responseManager.response = strResponse;
                responseManager.message = "";
            } else {
                responseManager.status = statusCode;
                responseManager.response = ResponseManager.handledResponseMessage(mActivity, statusCode);
                responseManager.message = ResponseManager.handledResponseMessage(mActivity, statusCode);
            }
            return responseManager;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return responseManager;
    }
}